Boron Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5. Classified as a metalloid, Boron is a solid at room temperature. 5: Boron - Borum B Group: 13 Period: 2 Atomic number: 5 Atomic mass: 10.811 Configuration: He 2s 2 2p 1 Atomic radius: 87 pm Covalent radius: 84 pm Electron affinity: 26.7 eV. Atomic Mass and Atomic Number Worksheet - Key Name of Element Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Mass Protons Neutrons Electrons copper Cu 29 64 29 35 29 tin Sn 50 119 50 69 50 iodine I 53 127 53 74 53 uranium U 92 238 92 146 92 potassium K 19 39 19 20 19 lithium Li 3 7 3 4 3 oxygen O 8 16 8 8 8 gold Au 79 197 79 118 79. Boron carbide (B 4 C) Boron nitride (BN) Boron tribromide (BBr 3) Boron trichloride (BCl 3) Boron trifluoride (BF 3) Boron trioxide (B 2 O 3) Interesting facts: It does not occur freely in nature in its elemental form. It is found in borax, boric acid, colemanite, kernite, ulexite and borates. It is sometimes found in volcanic spring waters. Boron (B) exists as either a brown powder or a crystalline silvery black solid. Is has the atomic number 5 in the periodic table and belongs in Group 13, its symbol is B.
Boron can be acquired as a brown powder. It also occurs in a silvery crystalline form. |
Boron
Atomic Number: | 5 | Atomic Radius: | 192 pm (Van der Waals) |
Atomic Symbol: | B | Melting Point: | 2076 °C |
Atomic Weight: | 10.81 | Boiling Point: | 3927 °C |
Electron Configuration: | [He]2s22p1 | Oxidation States: | 3, 2, 1, −1, −5[3][4] (a mildly acidic oxide) |
History
From the Arabic word Buraq, Persian Burah. Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not discovered until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Gay-Lussac and Thenard.
Sources
The element is not found free in nature, but occurs as orthoboric acid usually found in certain volcanic spring waters and as borates in boron and colemantie.
Boron Atomic Number Crossword Clue
Important sources of boron are ore rasorite (kernite) and tincal (borax ore). Both of these ores are found in the Mojave Desert. Tincal is the most important source of boron from the Mojave. Extensive borax deposits are also found in Turkey.
Boron exists naturally as 19.78% 10B isotope and 80.22% 11B isotope. High-purity crystalline boron may be prepared by the vapor phase reduction of boron trichloride or tribromide with hydrogen on electrically heated filaments. The impure or amorphous, boron, a brownish-black powder, can be obtained by heating the trioxide with magnesium powder.
Boron of 99.9999% purity has been produced and is available commercially. Elemental boron has an energy band gap of 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of either silicon or germanium.
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Properties
Optical characteristics include transmitting portions of the infrared. Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at room temperature but a good conductor at high temperature.
Uses
Amorphous boron is used in pyrotechnic flares to provide a distinctive green color, and in rockets as an igniter.
By far the most commercially important boron compound in terms of dollar sales is Na2B4O7 • 5H2O. This pentahydrate is used in very large quantities in the manufacture of insulation fiberglass and sodium perborate bleach.
Boric acid is also an important boron compound with major markets in textile products. Use of borax as a mild antiseptic is minor in economical terms. Boron compounds are also extensively used in the manufacture of borosilicate glasses. Other boron compounds show promise in treating arthritis.
![Boron Boron](/uploads/1/3/4/0/134036206/791174306.jpg)
The isotope boron-10 is used as a control for nuclear reactors, as a shield for nuclear radiation, and in instruments used for detecting neutrons. Boron nitride has remarkable properties and can be used to make a material as hard as diamond. The nitride also behaves like an electrical insulator but conducts heat like a metal.
Boron also has lubricating properties similar to graphite. The hydrides are easily oxidized with considerable energy liberation, and have been studied for use as rocket fuels. Demand is increasing for boron filaments, a high-strength, lightweight material chiefly employed for advanced aerospace structures.
Boron is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. Carbonates, metalloboranes, phosphacarboranes, and other families comprise thousands of compounds.
Handling
Boron Atomic Number 5
Elemental boron and the borates are not considered to be toxic, and they do not require special care in handling. However, some of the more exotic boron hydrogen compounds are definitely toxic and do require care.